Dassault MD.450 Ouragan (Hurricane)

History

CEO of Dassault. The 450 "Ouragan" (meaning "Hurricane") became France's first domestically produced, operational, jet-powered military fighter, eventually producing hundreds during her tenure. While not a particularly good "fighter" compared to his contemporaries, the type performed particularly well in the fighter-bomber role and conducted extensive combat operations with India, El Salvador and Israel.

Although eventually superseded by an improved platform, her impact on the revived French aviation industry was lasting, leading to the famous name Dassault.

France in postwar Europe

At the end of World War II, France found itself a devastated and occupied country, stripped of its aviation industry since the early days of the German invasion a few years ago. While other countries - notably Britain, the Soviet Union and the United States - were developing their aviation industries, replacing piston-powered fighter jets with new jets, France struggled in the post-war obsolescence, often resorting to outright purchases of new aircraft The way.

Or use (still proven) foreign equipment to number their frontline inventory.

Origin of Uragan

One of the leaders of the initiative to revive the forgotten French aviation industry is Marcel Dassault. Dassault began privately developing single-seat jet fighters in November 1947. The jet is inherently powerful and seems unlikely to recommend, but it still turns out to be a viable product. The design has been submitted to the French government for consideration and further development is encouraged.

The product received the designation of MD. 450 (the "MD" part of the name is attributed to its designer "Marcel Dassault"). Three prototypes were ordered in late 1947, and construction began in St. Cloud in the spring of 1948.

The engine of choice became the Rolls-Royce 'Nene' 102 turbojet, a centrifugal flow system primarily used in the British Hawker Seahawk and Supermarine Attacker, although the 'Avon' series of turbos eventually improved by Rolls-Royce Jet engine replaced. The first MD. The 450 prototype (MD.450-01) was launched on 28 February 1949 and nicknamed "Ouragan", although it lacked key components such as weapons and supercharging.

The initial performance was impressive and development continues.

Second prototype, MD. The 450-02, delivered later (this time with a pressurized cockpit) and proved equally promising. Complete development with MD. 450-03 prototype, powered by Hispano-Suiza Nene 104 (licensed Rolls-Royce).

A third prototype was also used for weapons testing to find suitable weapons for the Ouragan airframe.

The Israelis probably made good use of their Ouragans in combat actions and achievements. Beginning in 1956, the IAF Ouragans were used against the Egyptian army and claimed to have several Egyptian de Havilland vampires named after them. While Egypt also used first-class Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 "Fagot" jet fighters, Egyptian pilots had little understanding of the power inherent in the Soviet system. The MiG-15 generally outperformed its French rivals, but the skill of the Israeli pilots allowed their Ouragans to outperform their opponents in most respects.

Israel was also keen on the Ouragan's fighter-bomber qualities and did not shy away from bombing or rocket attacks - the latter of which resulted in the capture of the Egyptian destroyer Ibrahim-el-Awal. More combat was fought in the Six Day War in 1967 until the type was converted to provide advanced jet training for the next generation of Israeli fighter pilots.

France Patrol

From 1954 to 1957, Ouragan was the standard mount for the French aerobatic team "Patrouille de France". This makes them the first French-made devices in the service.

Close

Ouragan was replaced in 1961 by the Dassault Mystere IV in service with the French Air Force.

Specification

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Performance

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