45mm Model 1942 (M-42)

History of 45mm Model 1942 (M-42)

As the Soviet 45mm Type 1937 anti-tank gun became less effective against newer German tank offerings, it was decided to rework the once proven form into a more powerful design. This became the 1942 model, which introduced a longer barrel, pressed steel rims (instead of metal spokes), and an extended split trailing arm. The lengthening of the barrel provides additional muzzle velocity, which increases the penetration value of the original gun. When firing AP or HE projectiles, the Model 1942 can retain the dual functionality of the original Model 1937, and then some more.

The Model 1937 was also known by the product designation "M-42".

Overall, the Type 1942 retains much of the form and function of the previous design, with roots going back to the German 37mm anti-tank gun purchased by the Soviet Union in the early 1930s. These were adopted as the Model 1930 before the design was revised to the Soviet Army's 45mm caliber Model 1937. The carriage has a split arrangement for towing the vehicle (by towing) and helping anchor the system as a pre-fire recoil measure. A simple (albeit thicker) flip-up three-piece gun cover protected the crew (to some extent), and the optics provided the necessary long-range support.

The carriage also includes two rubber tire wheels for road trips and allows the rifle group to make small adjustments in position if necessary. Mounting hardware provides an elevation range of -8 to +25 degrees when traversing 60 degrees from centerline.

The gun fires a 45x386mmR projectile, and the trained crew can fire 20 rounds per minute in extreme situations. The muzzle velocity is rated at 2,855 feet per second, and the maximum range is up to 4.55 kilometers.

Although they proved more effective in combat than previous brands, they still lacked the caliber and penetration needed to counter the new generation of German tanks (Panzer IV, Panther, Tiger and King Tiger). The number of guns in the Model 1942, although limited on the battlefield, forced them to be actively used.

Over time, resources were poured into the production of the 57mm ZiS-2 anti-tank gun system and eventually the famous 76.2mm ZiS-3 line.

The production of the Type 1942 series originated at Factory No. 172 and spanned the period 1942 to 1945. In total, the work resulted in approximately 10,843 units, which also entered service after the war.

Specification

Basic

Roles

Dimensions

Performance

Performance

for everyone else in our database)

Armor

Depends on the ammunition carrier.

Changes